Balkwill, K. & Welman, W.G. (2000) Acanthaceae. In Leistner, O.A. Seed plants of southern Africa: families and genera. Strelitzia 10 34-45
Darbyshire, I., Vollesen, K. & Kelbessa, E. (2010) Acanthaceae (Part 2) Flora of Tropical East Africa Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Darbyshire, I., Vollesen, K. & Kelbessa, E. (2015) Acanthaceae (Part 2) Flora Zambesiaca 8(6)
Leistner, O.A. (2005) Seed plants of southern tropical Africa: families and genera SABONET Report No. 26 SABONET, Pretoria
Vollesen, K. (2009) Acanthaceae (Part 1) Flora of Tropical East Africa
Vollesen, K. (2013) Acanthaceae (Part 1) Flora Zambesiaca 8(5)
Small trees, herbs, shrubs or sometimes climbers. Stipules 0. Leaves opposite, usually entire, less often toothed. Flowers bisexual, actinomorphic or zygomorphic. Bracts and bracteoles usually present. Calyx 4-5-partite, rarely 2-lipped or with 10-18 teeth (Thunbergia). Corolla gamopetalous, 1-2-lipped or 5-lobed. Stamens 2 or 4, inserted on corolla. Anthers 1- or 2-thecous, with thecae together or one above the other. Ovary superior, 2-locular with (1-)2(-3 or more) ovules in each loculus. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, often explosively dehiscent. Worldwide: 229 genera and 3450 species, mostly tropical. DRC: 52 genera and 313 taxa. |
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| Genus | Content |
| Acanthopale C.B. Clarke | Description |
| Acanthus L. | Description |
| Anisosepalum E. Hossain | Description |
| Anomacanthus R.D.Good | |
| Asystasia Blume | Description, Image |
| Barleria L. | Description |
| Blepharis Juss. | Description |
| Brachystephanus Nees | Description |
| Brillantaisia P. Beauv. | Description |
| Chlamydocardia Lindau | |
| Crabbea Harv. | Description |
| Crossandra Salisb. | Description |
| Crossandrella C.B.Clarke | |
| Dianthera L. | |
| Dicliptera Juss. | Description |
| Dischistocalyx T.Anderson ex Benth. | Description |
| Duosperma Dayton | Description |
| Dyschoriste Nees | Description |
| Elytraria Michx. | Description |
| Eremomastax Lindau | |
| Hygrophila R.Br. | Description |
| Hypoestes Sol. ex R.Br. | Description |
| Isoglossa Oerst. | Description |
| Justicia L. | Description |
| Kosmosiphon Lindau | |
| Lankesteria Lindl. | Description |
| Lepidagathis Willd. | Description |
| Meiosperma Raf. | |
| Mellera S. Moore | Description |
| Mendoncia Vell. ex Vand. | |
| Mimulopsis Schweinf. | Description |
| Monothecium Hochst. | |
| Nelsonia R. Br. | Description |
| Neuracanthus Nees | Description |
| Phaulopsis Willd. | Description |
| Physacanthus Benth. | |
| Pogonospermum Hochst. | |
| Pseuderanthemum Radlk. | Description |
| Pseudocalyx Radlk. | Description |
| Rhinacanthus Nees | Description |
| Ruellia L. | Description |
| Rungia Nees | |
| Ruspolia Lindau | Description |
| Saintpauliopsis Staner | |
| Sanchezia Ruiz. & Pav. | Description |
| Schaueriopsis Champl. & I.Darbysh. | |
| Sclerochiton Harv. | Description |
| Staurogyne Wall. | Description |
| Stenandriopsis S.Moore | Description |
| Strobilanthopsis S. Moore | Description |
| Thunbergia Retz. | Description |
| Whitfieldia Hook. | Description |