Spermatophyta: Dicotyledonae: Metachlamydeae: Gentianales

Rubiaceae - Coffee family

Bridson, D.M. (1998) Rubiaceae, Part 2 Flora Zambesiaca 5(2)

Bridson, D.M. & Verdcourt, B. (2003) Rubiaceae, Part 3 Flora Zambesiaca 5(3)

Verdcourt, B. (1988) Rubiaceae, Part 1 Flora Zambesiaca 5(1)

Description of the family

Trees, shrubs, annual or perennial herbs or climbers. Leaves simple, opposite or in whorls, entire. Stipules present, usually interpetiolar, less often intrapetiolar, entire or (in some herbaceous genera) with lobes or fimbriae. In the species of tribe Rubieae (the genera Galium, Rubia and Sherardia in Zimbabwe) the distinction between leaves and stipules breaks down and there are whorls of similar leaf-like objects. Flowers usually bisexual, rarely unisexual (e.g. in some species of Anthospermum, Catunaregam and Canthium), actinomorphic. Calyx gamosepalous, (3-)4-5(-8)-lobed. Corolla gamopetalous, often with a long tube, (3-)4-5(-11)-lobed. Ovary inferior, of 2-5 or more carpels, usually 2. Fruit a capsule, berry or drupe.

Worldwide: 630 genera and 10,200 species, cosmopolitan, but mainly tropical and warm areas.

DRC: 57 genera and 86 taxa.

Vangueria apiculata

Links to genera:     View: living plant images - herbarium specimen images - all images for this family

GenusContent
Afrocanthium (Bridson) Lantz & B. Bremer
Agathisanthemum KlotzschDescription
Aidia Lour.Description
Anthospermum L.Description
Bertiera Aubl.Description
Canthium Lam.Description
Catunaregam WolfDescription
Chassalia Comm. ex Poir.Description
Coffea L.Description
Colletoecema E.M.A.PetitImage
Corynanthe Welw.Description
Craterispermum Benth.Description
Cremaspora Benth.Description, Image
Crossopteryx FenzlDescription
Fadogia Schweinf.Description
Feretia DelileDescription
Gaertnera Lam.Description
Galiniera DelileDescription
Galium L.Description
Gardenia J. EllisDescription
Hedythyrsus Bremek.Description
Heinsenia K. Schum.Description
Heinsia DC.Description
Hexasepalum Bartl. ex DC.Description
Hymenodictyon Wall.Description
Ixora L.Description
Keetia E. PhillipsDescription
Lasianthus JackDescription
Leptactina Hook. f.Description
Mitracarpus Zucc. ex Schult. & Schult.f.Description, Image
Mitragyna Korth.Description, Image
Mitrasacmopsis JovetDescription
Morinda L.Description, Image
Multidentia GilliDescription
Mussaenda L.Description
Oldenlandia L.Description
Otiophora Zucc.Description
Paraknoxia Bremek.Description
Pauridiantha Hook. f.Description
Pentodon Hochst.Description
Polysphaeria Hook. f.Description
Pseudomussaenda WernhamDescription, Image
Psychotria L.Description
Richardia L.Description
Rothmannia Thunb.Description
Rubia L.Description
Rytigynia BlumeDescription
Sarcocephalus SabineDescription
Sericanthe Robbr.Description
Sherbournia G. DonDescription
Spermacoce L.Description
Stipularia P. Beauv.Description
Tricalysia A. Rich. ex DC.Description
Trichostachys Hook.f.Image
Vangueria Comm. ex Juss.Description
Vangueriopsis RobynsDescription
Virectaria Bremek.Description

Other sources of information about Rubiaceae:

Our websites:

Flora of Botswana: Rubiaceae
Flora of Burundi: Rubiaceae
Flora of Caprivi: Rubiaceae
Flora of Malawi: Rubiaceae
Flora of Mozambique: Rubiaceae
Flora of Mozambique: cultivated Rubiaceae
Flora of Rwanda: Rubiaceae
Flora of Zambia: Rubiaceae
Flora of Zambia: cultivated Rubiaceae
Flora of Zimbabwe: Rubiaceae
Flora of Zimbabwe: cultivated Rubiaceae

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Rubiaceae
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Rubiaceae
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Rubiaceae
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Rubiaceae
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Rubiaceae
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Rubiaceae
JSTOR Plant Science: Rubiaceae
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Rubiaceae
Wikipedia: Rubiaceae
Plants of the World Online: Rubiaceae
Tropicos: Rubiaceae

Copyright: The DRC flora team, 2024-25

The DRC flora team (2025). Flora of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Family page: Rubiaceae.
https://www.drcongoflora.com/speciesdata/family.php?family_id=198, retrieved 16 August 2025

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