Fischer, E. (1999) Scrophulariaceae Flore d'Afrique Centrale (Congo-Kinshasa, Rwanda & Burundi) Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles
Leistner, O.A. (ed.) (2000) Seed plants of southern Africa: families and genera Strelitzia 10
Annual, sometimes aquatic, herbs. Stems 4-angled. Leaves opposite, decussate, the leaf venation pinnate. Flowers axillary, usually borne 2-6 together in fascicles or on minute branches, sometimes solitary. Bracts present, linear. Calyx 2-lipped and 5-lobed, prominently winged along the veins in fruit. Corolla 2-lipped and 4-lobed; tube cylindric below, slightly wider above; upper lip entire; lower lip larger with 3 subequal lobes. Stamens 4, fertile, didynamous. Nectary present, prominent, saucer-shaped. Ovary 2-locular, with hairs at the apex; locules with unicellular hairs inside; ovules many. Fruit a septicidal or poricidal capsule. Seeds numerous, small, with thickening of some epidermis cell walls. Worldwide: c. 40 species in the tropics, occurring mainly in Africa, SE Asia and the Indian Ocean islands. DRC: 4 taxa. |
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| Species | Botanical divisions | Content |
| crustacea (L.) Cham. & Schltdl. | III,VI | Description, Image |
| dinklagei Engl. | III,VI | |
| fournieri E. Fourn. | III,VI | |
| thouarsii (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze | I,II,III,IV,V,VI,VII,IX,XI | Description, Image |